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AMR has taken center stage as a global health issue yet most non-specialists are unaware the impact AMR will have on global populations and the potential it has of taking the treatment of infections back to the \"dark ages\". Therefore, in keeping with the general notion of \"One World Health\", there clearly needs to a better alignment of thinking and closer co-operation between countries synergizing activities, knowledge and skills to better understand and prevent AMR. Hitherto, most studies around the world studying the impact of AMR have been small, one dimensional and often biased - too focused on AMR bacteria as oppose to studying the whole bacterial population. Two years ago, we published an article with our Chinese colleagues heralding the breech of the last antibiotic, colisitin, that is used to treat the very serious infections caused by already resistant bacteria such as Escherichia coli (commonly known as E. coli). The difference with this new discovery is that the mechanism of colistin resistance (named MCR-1) is mobile i.e. can be readily passed around from one bacteria to another - even between distantly related bacteria. This article reached global acclaim and has been cited over 1000 times reflecting its broad impact. Following on from this discovery and using the same network of Chinese colleagues, hospitals, farming and environmental sectors, we intend to use MCR (MCRPE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli and E. coli-like bacteria)(CRE) as markers to understand how AMR has spread throughout the Chinese human and animal populations (colistin is used in animal feed in China). Firstly, we have a comprehensive sampling platform: work package (WP) 1, normal flora carriage; WP2, primary and secondary care infections; WP3, chicken, duck and pigs including slaughter houses; WP4, flies and wild birds; WP5, Water, soil and waste; WP6, Aquaculture; and WP7, Domestic animals. Pending the type of sample, we will analyze at least 100 samples every 3/6 months to examine seasonal variation and sample from three distinct provinces in China: Shandong, Guangdong and Jiangsu; additionally, we will also chose Qinghai as a control region. Bacteria will be analyzed by basic microbiology techniques and selected to be whole genome sequenced where we can interrogate the bacteria's whole DNA and compare it to other bacteria to see if they have spread from one sector (e.g. flies) to another (e.g. humans). This study will also sequence bacteria in the human gut (called the microbiome) to understand the dynamics of AMR bacterial populations. We will also undertake controlled experiments in chicken farms to monitor the spread on CRE and MRCPE and use mathematical models to understand how AMR spreads in animals. Importantly, the Chinese government has recently (2017) withdrawn the antibiotic colistin so this study is very timely in measuring that effect i.e. will withdrawing colistin impact on MCRPE rates in the environment, human gut levels and MCRPE causing human infections? Unlike previous studies, this study is deliberately holistic in its approach to understand the dynamics and transmission of AMR across a broad range of environmental and human sectors. This study will let us understand the impact of CRE and MCRPE on human populations and the burden and cost to the Chinese health system. It will also help us understand the impact AMR on the chicken, duck and pig trade by using mathematical models. The impact of this study will have immense consequences for the animal, human and economic sectors in China. Our network is well established, high successful and has a proven track record of working together in China and expertise to undertake this exciting and challenging proposal.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","2019-02-14T00:00:00Z","2021-12-31T00:00:00Z","2020-07-31T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["43082"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","2020-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[134443.26,566122.46,652489.34], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-09-30T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[-881396.22,489696.66,162792.68,162792.68,134443.26,134443.26,134443.26,134443.26,1845389.06], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-09-30T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[-1209723.1430307904,678563.6176978049,203844.70858251076,201464.02965934505,176523.5644010578,166185.09806387743,170431.35629285025,177062.45267404208,2378784.16333345] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_S014934_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["CHNUK: Integrated platforms from science to policy in response to antibacterial resistance"], "description_narrative":["Combating Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in China requires a multi-pronged approach that includes the need for new effective antimicrobials. Traditionally, China has been a major producer of generic antibiotics rather than a developer, but times are changing with new government policies that are beginning to help drive innovation in drug discovery. This includes the structured revitalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM), which, along with other natural products are known to possess antibacterial activities. It is very clear that effective antimicrobials, both those as monotherapy or in combination therapy, are those that hit multiple targets. Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) are by nature combinatorial in their activities and present a golden opportunity for China to take a strategic lead in the development of new effective therapeutics to combat AMR in China. Here we bring together interdisciplinary teams to deliver state of the art scientific advances and policy expertise across the UK and China; that will help train the next generation of researchers, develop innovative research platforms, and an environment from which (given the support and incentives) antibiotic R&D in China could grow and flourish into a new 'golden age' of discovery. This is potentially achievable, and we will determine the critical pathways and drivers that will influence and enable the discovery, development and delivery of new antibiotics in China. Six technology, policy, and training platforms provide the framework and foundation for future delivery, and a pipeline for China UK exchange and interaction. 1.Target validation and mechanisms. 2.Assays and screening. 3. Lead development 4. Industry translation 5. Policy. 6. Training and exchange. Exchange will be an important component of the hub enabling interchange of up to 15-20 researchers into the UK or China. This includes cultural orientation, crash course language training and a broad AMR training program at Sheffield for incoming China researchers, plus specialist research training for up to 12 months at hub partners. Our focus will be on 'old' and 'new' targets encompassing our breadth of existing expertise in essential processes, virulence and resistance mechanisms. Our targets will be those within multi-drug resistance in 'ESKAPE' and WHO priority bacteria including Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pylori, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. These pathogens are responsible for life-threatening infections in most Chinese hospitals and communities. New topical, gastric and systemic therapeutic interventions are urgently required to reduce transmission and disease. This CHN UK hub of activity is built from strong university and institute partnerships across Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai Institue Materia Medica (SIMM), Jilin, Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Sheffield, Oxford, Peking, Warwick, Xiamen. These are cornerstoned by national infrastructure support in the UK from the Diamond Light Source synchrotron, Protein Production UK (PPUK) and the Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), and in China by the Shanghai Synchrotron (SINAP) and national compound collection at SIMM. Furthermore, these will be supported by an international panel of experts from academia and industry. This expertise includes individuals with more than 250 years combined experience in antibiotic discovery, the de novo establishment of a drug discovery institute (H3D) in South Africa, and global AMR industry and policy perspectives from PwC (with significant China expertise) and The Economist Group, both of whom are heavily committed to help encourage the development of global AMR solutions. The Economist Group have already planned a major international AMR workshop (London, Jan 2019) that we will engage with. A senior management group supported by English and Chinese speaking administrators in Warwick and Sheffield will enable effective program delivery.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3","4"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15","80"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","2021-12-31T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["43082"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","2021-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","2022-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[175773.41,704517.41,667230.38,451693.11], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "planned_disbursement_type":["1","1"], "planned_disbursement_period_start_iso_date":["2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"], "planned_disbursement_period_end_iso_date":["2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","2022-09-30T00:00:00Z"], "planned_disbursement_value":[42158.08,42158.08], "planned_disbursement_provider_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-GOV-13"], "planned_disbursement_provider_org_type":["11","10"], "planned_disbursement_provider_org_narrative_text":["Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy","DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "planned_disbursement_provider_org_narrative":["Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy","DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "planned_disbursement_provider_org_narrative_lang":[" "," "], "planned_disbursement_value_date":["2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","2022-07-01T00:00:00Z"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2022-09-30T00:00:00Z","2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","2021-06-30T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-09-30T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[34815.39,150564.34,150564.34,490033.18,177197.2,177197.18,175773.41,175773.41,175773.41,175773.41,1999214.31], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2022-09-30T00:00:00Z","2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","2021-06-30T00:00:00Z","2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-09-30T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "planned_disbursement_value_usd":[57113.34801516778,50520.74119389914], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[39403.1228466788,206650.72356806404,211236.38762476982,679029.9272467158,221881.66934555586,219290.31407967673,230789.91732369876,217273.2301929612,222824.86058817114,231494.46903831392,2577071.3844687096] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_M010015_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["DNA hydroxymethylation, TET enzymes and regulation of stem cell activity during skin regeneration and wound healing"], "description_narrative":["Biological mechanisms that regulate the development of mammals, including humans, continue during the lifespan of individuals and are altered during ageing. As an organ that covers the body, the skin protects us from a variety of environmental insults, such as mechanical injury, ultraviolet irradiation, and variations in temperature. The skin also provides a unique system for studying the mechanisms that control organ development, regeneration and ageing. Skin development results in formation of the epidermis, a stratified self-renewing epithelium. Additional structures of the skin include hair follicles, nails and glands. After birth, the epidermis continuously regenerates using the ability of epithelial stem cells to supply progeny cells that form all epidermal cell layers. Meanwhile, epidermal regeneration, following skin injury, is controlled by stem cells derived from the hair follicle. Data obtained during the last decade has revealed that many cellular biochemical pathways controlling skin development and its postnatal regeneration are of particular importance. Recent data demonstrate that activity of these biochemical pathways is governed by epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. These mechanisms include covalent modifications of the DNA molecule and methylation/hydroxymethylation of the cytosine nucleotides, which play important roles in the control of gene activation and repression. This project will look at how enzymes called Tet1/2/3 that regulate DNA hydroxymethylation impact normal physiological skin regeneration and when induced by injury. This project will also explore how Tet1/2/3 regulate different molecular signals in epithelial stem cells and their progenies (that form skin and hair follicle epithelium), and their involvement in wound healing. Studying the skin as a model system in this way, will cast light on the mechanisms that control the development and regeneration of other epithelial tissues, such as the epithelia of the intestine, teeth, kidney and lung. The knowledge gained from this study will also provide new opportunities for the development of novel epigenetic therapies to cure aberrant tissue growth and regenerative conditions, such as impaired wound healing in diabetic patients and in elderly individuals.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","2015-02-02T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-02-01T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[43383.7,170105.84,160142.6,80556.76], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[40278.4,40278.38,40278.38,40278.38,39954.74,39954.74,39954.74,39954.74,43383.8,43383.8,43383.8,43383.8,494467.3], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[53535.3557305616,53683.30636811448,51563.054904503544,49676.98405637771,49927.94111912689,52502.041130189085,56785.73031420695,56849.58431790216,65042.24074721529,66622.6596703682,67479.7215407601,64977.27920789246,748456.3282030829] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_M010422_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes to model estrogen receptor modulation of stress cardiomyopathy and arrhythmic syndromes"], "description_narrative":["It has long been known that young women are relatively protected from heart disease compared to men. For sudden death arising from disrupted heart rhythm, men are 80% more likely to be affected. This often occurs after sudden or chronic stress, and is triggered by adrenaline. We have been studying a newly described syndrome in which a sudden extreme shock (accident, bereavement) produces not sudden death, but a temporary reduction in heart function which then reverses. Sufferers come in to hospital thinking they are having a heart attack, but recover within days to weeks to have normal heart function. Interestingly, 80-90% of sufferers are women around or after the menopause. We reproduced this in an anesthetised rat model, and showed that a single dose of adrenaline could give the same effect. (In fact one dose of adrenaline from an epi-pen can sometimes have the same result in people). We found that very high adrenaline could switch from being stimulant to depressant, through an effect on its receptors on the heart cell surface. When we tried to stop it being depressant on the heart function, we induced sudden cardiac death. Our idea is that high adrenaline goes from being stimulant (but damaging) to depressant (but protective) through a receptor switch, and that this protects against sudden death. Here we want to know why this happens particularly in women at a time when estrogen is dropping, and whether this can give us insights into male/female differences. For these experiments we want to move away from animal models to human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC). We know hPSC can reliably be turned into beating cardiac cells (hPSC-CM), and that they can show the same disrupted rhythm as a patient from which they came. They have adrenaline receptors more like human than are found in animal species, and adrenaline can produce the same kind of rhythm effects in the dish as in the whole heart. They are also very long-lasting in culture, and can be more easily experimented on - for example to turn off and on specific proteins. We already have ways to measure their beating activity and how easily they can be damaged. We also have a number of hPSC lines reflecting different natural gene variation in human populations. We aim to discover the mechanism of the adrenaline switch and how it can be changed by female hormones. The ideal goal for us would be to find a way to harness the protective effect without producing the temporary loss of heart function, and to develop a drug to use that mechanism. One other advantage of the hPSC-CM is that they can be produced in large quantities and used in multiple assays at the same time. The same cells and methods are being used now by pharmaceutical companies to test drugs, which means that any of our promising findings can go more quickly into drug development.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","2015-01-19T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[28399.11,113826.47,114748.47,57722.1], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[26863.27,28861.05,28861.05,28861.05,28629.14,28629.14,28629.14,28629.14,28399.22,28399.21,28399.21,28399.21,343557.21], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[35087.83411938845,38466.20914881558,36946.96523920828,35595.52098918377,35775.330191392575,37619.77391923816,40689.205415119075,40734.959315941625,42576.927430818214,43611.461023177246,44172.497171238334,42534.388353569106,520029.4699453239] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_M010503_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["Steroid Receptors as targets for myelin regeneration by endogenous adult neural stem cells"], "description_narrative":["The nerve fibres of the brain and spinal cord (the CNS) are surround by an insulating material called myelin that protects the fibres and allows them to carry electrical impulses very rapidly. Myelin is made by a cell called an oligodendrocyte. This cell is the primary target in several neurological diseases most notably multiple sclerosis (MS). Early in the disease the brains own stem cells are able to replace the lost oligodendrocytes and hence myelin can be restored (a regenerative process called remyelination). However, as the disease progresses and the patient ages remyelination becomes less efficient and the fibres are left without their myelin: in this state they are very vulnerable to irreversible degeneration. Therapies that enhance remyelination will have a major impact on the treatment of MS - however, none currently exist. In this project UK and Chinese laboratories will strengthen an existing collaboration to test the ability of a naturally-derived plant compound called diosgenin, which is already in clinical use, to enhance remyelination in laboratory models of MS and will continue studies to understand the mechanisms of action of diosgenin in remyelination.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-01-31T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[26358.81,105648.74,106504.48,53575.1], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[26787.5,26787.55,26787.55,26787.55,26572.31,26572.31,26572.31,26572.31,26358.91,26358.92,26358.91,26358.91,318874.79], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-01-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[35604.15363153498,35702.63385720044,34292.538860975386,33038.18808649755,33205.08978607261,34917.02142334389,37765.93289020288,37808.399650865824,39518.0359962516,40478.27429682189,40998.988261008875,39478.56699241902,482668.6304229401] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_M010554_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["Epigenetic mechanisms regulating pluripotency from embryonic to adult neurogeneisis"], "description_narrative":["Neurological diseases are amongst the most devastating since the brain does a very poor job in healing itself. In the large majority of cases, new nerve cells cannot be produced to replace injured tissue. With the increase in the population's average age, diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and stroke will take an increasingly burdensome toll on individuals, families and society. Hope for a therapeutic solution has arisen with the discovery of brain stem cells and increased understanding of how they are controlled. Stem cells are found in two specific regions of the brain and continue to generate nerve cells in those restricted areas. Our goal is to understand how to enhance this process and entice it to be of more general relevance throughout the brain. In the past decade, laboratories around the world including ours (Shen in Beijing, Szele in Oxford) have discovered many molecules that stimulate stem cells to grow during normal development and molecules that stimulate them to repair a damaged brain. Use of this knowledge will allow us to develop medicines that mimic these molecules and thereby stimulate the growth of stem cells for brain repair. Since the repair of the adult brain is conceptually similar to the development of the brain, we also seek to understand fundamental molecular mechanisms regulating the generation of nerve cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Amazingly, hESC can be grown in cell culture dishes, allowing us to discover molecules that increase nerve cell production. Similarly, adult brain stem cells can be grown in cell culture to study their generation of nerve cells. In this grant, we will use and compare both approaches in our goal to increase stem cell-derived nerve cell generation. Most research in the 20th century has uncovered how individual molecules regulate stem cells one at a time. In this century, a shift in emphasis has occurred, and the field is now seeking to understand how molecules work together to coordinate stem cell nerve generation. This is an intelligent shift since dozens to hundreds of molecules usually are required to coordinate stem cell nerve generation. But how are so many molecules regulated in the same space and at the same time in such a coordinated way? The answer is in a fashion analogous to how a conductor organizes an orchestra: she may increase the loudness of the string section whilst repressing the horns. So-called \"epigenetic\" mechanisms coordinate dozens to hundreds of molecules by causing some to be emphasized and some to be repressed. Epigenetic mechanisms can turn molecules completely on or off, or they can more subtly turn them up or down. Importantly, they do this in stem cells and thereby cause the cells to either proliferate or to turn into nerve cells. In our laboratories, we study how epigenetic mechanisms increase nerve cell production from embryonic stem cells (Shen, Beijing) and from adult brain stem cells (Szele, Oxford). In this collaborative project, we will seek to understand the extent to which the same molecules govern nerve cell production in the embryo as we as in the adult. We will also use this novel molecular knowledge to increase stem cell-mediated nerve cell production in a model of stroke. Brains of infants have a far higher plasticity than those in the adult and aged population. However, even infant brains do not completely repair themselves in diseases such as cerebral palsy. Thus, we will also seek to understand how epigenetic molecules enhance stem cell-mediated repair of a model of infant cerebral palsy. Our overarching goal is to eventually use this information to increase nerve cell production from stem cells. This exciting branch of regenerative medicine is one of the best hopes for the future of treating neurological disorders.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","2018-01-31T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[31612.19,126704.82,127731.13,64252.76], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[32126.34,32126.38,32126.38,32126.38,31868.25,31868.25,31868.25,31868.25,31612.29,31612.29,31612.3,31612.29,382427.26], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[42700.18273369772,42818.2637940867,41127.133112675954,39622.78689086135,39822.96242122,41876.08709873093,45292.79504974193,45343.72556144742,47394.054387831085,48545.65155820799,49170.17875942104,47346.71913780873,598334.8688496932] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_M010864_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["Investigating mechanistic causes of C9ORF72-related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)."], "description_narrative":["Cells constitute the basic building blocks of the human body converting food and oxygen into energy to produce proteins. The blueprint for making up proteins, the DNA, is housed in the nucleus, a cell centre separated from the surrounding compartment, the cytoplasm, where proteins are assembled into the machinery supporting life. Small messenger species (messenger RNAs) copied from the blueprint are able to pass from the nucleus into the cytoplasm where each guides the building of one protein. The quantity and function of proteins account for survival or death of cells including motor neurons. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal adult disease caused by progressive death of nerve cells that connect muscles to the brain and the spinal cord. This provokes gradual paralysis and death usually 3-5 years from symptom onset. There is currently no cure and the only drug available, Riluzole, has modest effect prolonging life for only approximately 3 months. Expansion of a repeated sequence in the C9ORF72 gene is the commonest alteration found in the DNA of patients with ALS. This genetic alteration causes damage to thousands of messenger species resulting in the potential malfunction of multiple aspects of the cellular machinery. However, the actual culprit(s) causing motor neuron injury have not yet been found. This project aims to identify the contribution of each potential abnormal mechanism that causes motor neuron injury in C9ORF72-related ALS, their pathological mode of action, and will help us to find biomarkers useful in diagnosis and disease monitoring. We have used cutting-edge scientific methods to produce nerve cells from healthy and C9ORF72-ALS patients' skin cells and have generated other cell models engineered for studying individually the effects of one potential mechanism of disease at a time. Using these models, we will now be able to carry out experiments aimed at understanding how decreased electrical/survival properties of nerve cells, altered content of messenger species and abnormal passage of messengers from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, occur in disease. In the future, we expect that a better understanding of the basic biological mechanisms of C9ORF72-related ALS from this study will allow the development of novel strategies for neuroprotective therapy.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","2018-04-30T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[31117.68,124722.77,125733.01,63247.64], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[30549.3,31623.82,31623.82,31623.82,31369.73,31369.73,31369.73,31369.73,31117.78,31117.78,31117.78,31117.79,376444.9], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-30T00:00:00Z","2016-03-31T00:00:00Z","2015-12-31T00:00:00Z","2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[39902.39352332882,42148.448313713365,40483.772360013914,39002.958955691836,39200.00561542657,41221.01294371899,44584.27279991028,44634.406597685906,46652.67077293553,47786.25354711644,48400.99597929719,46606.09096396728,588975.0376859534] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_P007201_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["Investigation of LA-MRSA in China and the UK"], "description_narrative":["Both in China and the UK methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remain an important problem that can lead to life threatening infections. A type of MRSA called livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) has been found both in China and the UK. While many strains of S. aureus seem to be restricted to particular host species, LA-MRSA are characterised by the fact that they freely jump between farm animals and people. The reservoir of LA-MRSA found on farms represents a considerable threat to human health and accounts for a large proportion of human MRSA infections in countries such as Denmark and the Netherlands. Recent reports from China show that the dominant LA-MRSA strains in China are different to those in Europe and North America. This research will determine the prevalence of LA-MRSA in China. Using whole genome sequencing, LA-MRSA found in people and animals will be compared to determine if these bacteria are transmitted from farms to people and also to look for genes that may be associated with the ability of LA-MRSA to colonise both people and animals. Farms where LA-MRSA are found will be compared to farms free of LA-MRSA to investigate any risk factors that may be associated with the presence of LA-MRSA. Further investigations of the host specificity of LA-MRSA will be performed using a technique called transposon mutagenesis. A library of many thousands of mutants will be made in LA-MRSA strains and used to identify individual genes that may play a role in enabling LA-MRSA avoid the immune defences of host animals and people.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[137014.17,183795.41,185284.15], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[45207.99,46414.27,46414.27,46414.27,46041.34,46041.34,46041.34,46041.34,45671.39,45671.39,45671.39,45671.39,552508.04], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[59357.94426739857,61127.82809101185,58838.294438709134,60624.64497183356,61195.07019175873,64320.125200910436,61714.950715275205,61364.21973322968,58467.00860697462,56328.40528498437,57071.5382142064,60013.935674538414,726586.9704308521] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_P007295_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["Determining the clinical and environmental impact, burden and cost of extensively drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae in China (DETER-XDRE-CHINA)"], "description_narrative":["Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now deemed to be the biggest global threat facing humanity in the 21C. AMR has taken centre stage as a global health issue yet most non-specialists are unaware the impact AMR will have on global populations and the potential it has of taking humanity back to the \"dark ages\". Recent announcements from Prime Minister David Cameron, the UK Chief Medical Officer (Professor Sally Davies), and the US president, Barak Obama, is clear evidence that we are loosing one of medicines precious resources. Therefore, in keeping with the general notion of \"One World Health\", there clearly needs to a better alignment of thinking and closer co-operation between countries synergizing activities, knowledge and skills to better understand and prevent AMR. Hitherto, most studies around the world studying the impact of AMR have been small, one dimensional and often biased -too focused on AMR bacteria as oppose to studying the whole bacterial population. Very recently, we published an article with our Chinese colleagues heralding the breech of the last antibiotic, colisitin, that is used to treat the very serious infections caused by already resistant bacteria such as Escherichia coli (commonly known as E. coli). The difference with this new discovery is that the mechanism of colistin resistance (named MCR-1) is mobile i.e. can be readily passed around from one bacteria to another - even between distantly related bacteria. Following on from this discovery and using the same network of Chinese colleagues, hospitals and faming sectors, we intend to use MCR-1 (MCRPE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli and E. coli-like bacteria)(CRE) as markers to understand how it has spread throughout the Chinese animal population (colistin is used in animal feed in China). Firstly, we have a comprehensive sampling platform: work package (WP) 1, primary and secondary care infections; WP2, normal flora carriage; WP3, chicken farms and slaughter houses; WP4, retail meat; WP5 Environmental sampling. We will analyze at least 100 samples every 3 months to examine seasonal variation and sample from three distinct provinces in China: Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong. Bacteria will be analyzed by basic microbiology techniques and selected to be whole genome sequenced where we can interrogate the bacteria's whole DNA and compare it to other bacteria to see if they have spread from one sector (e.g. flies) to another (e.g. humans). This study will also sequence all the bacteria in the human gut to understand the dynamics of AMR bacterial populations. We will also undertake controlled experiments in chicken farms to monitor the spread on CRE and MRCPE and use mathematical models to understand how AMR spreads in animals. Importantly, the Chinese government is likely to withdraw colistin from animal feed so this study is very timely in measuring that effect i.e. will withdrawing colistin impact on MCRPE rates in the environment, human gut levels and MCRPE causing human infections? Unlike previous studies, this study is deliberately holistic in its approach so as to understand the dynamics and transmission of AMR across a broad range of environmental and human sectors. This study will let us understand the impact of CRE and MCRPE on human populations and the burden and cost to the Chinese health system. It will also help us understand the impact AMR on the chicken and pig trade by using mathematical models. The impact of this study will have immense consequences for the animal, human and economic sectors in China. Our network is well established, has a proven track record of working together in China and expertise to undertake this exciting and challenging proposal.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z","2020-06-30T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[258884.19,347275.86,320622.34], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2020-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[57931.39,77876.21,77876.21,77876.21,86993.71,86993.71,86993.71,86993.71,86294.73,86294.73,86294.73,86294.73,1004658.53], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2020-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[77482.5778713305,102563.36202765955,98721.8666533104,101719.09593756306,115626.2217757238,121530.91805954593,116608.5201948715,115945.82468383547,110471.66993705579,106430.84270915115,107834.97022708577,113394.54251932468,1321196.6972104395] },{ "default_currency":"GBP", "default_lang":"en", "iati_identifier":"GB-GOV-13-FUND--Newton-MR_P007503_1", "reporting_org_ref":"GB-GOV-13", "reporting_org_type_code":"10", "reporting_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY"], "title_narrative":["Accelerate CHNUK AMR discovery: Establishing joint China/UK training and research platforms enabling highthroughput fragment based inhibitor discovery"], "description_narrative":["Antimicrobial drug resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to global public health in China and worldwide. Multidrug resistance in 'ESKAPE' organisms - which includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, exacerbates this as these pathogens are responsible for many life- threatening infections in hospitals. Resistance amongst these organisms is widespread in Gram-negative bacteria of particular concern in China causing a high prevalence of carbapenemase-mediated resistance in hospitals, including the recent emergence in E. coli of transmissible resistance to the last line drug, colistin. There is a clear and urgent need for new classes of antibacterials that sidestep resistance. Only two new classes of antibiotics have been developed in the last 20 years this compares unfavourably to the 'golden era' of antibiotic discovery, where. inspired primarily by the early successes of penicillins, 20 new antibiotic classes were developed. In addition to the challenges and complexities of antibacterial drug discovery, contributing factors halting the development of new antibacterials include the difficulty and indeed unpredictability of gaining regulatory approval, the resulting low profit margins and the regulatory restrictions on use as resistance levels continue to rise. These factors have seen the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry substantially withdraw from investing in antibiotic discovery. The accompanying loss of expertise in the sector has only compounded the threat. Thus there is a pressing requirement for significant investment in training and discovery to overcome the woeful lack of new antibacterials. We plan to tackle the lack of specialised AMR training for the next generation of researchers by building a network of activity between outstanding, well funded, AMR research groups in the Uk and China. We will train a cohort of the next generation of researchers in advanced biophysical techniques to accelerate the discovery of new chemical inhibitors. These compounds will prove invaluable tools to probe fundamental aspects of biology and become the chemical start points for the development new antibacterial discovery programs. To achieve this we have exceptional support from industry and have included letters of support from them (for our 5yr UK collaborative SWON alliance science program which provides an important component of the underpinning science for CHNUK). We will arrange joint SWON CHNUK scientific advisory panel meetings to help focus priorities for fragment based discovery. China and the UK have committed major capital investment in synchrotrons and associated beam lines required for structural biology, and additionally in the UK for fragment based drug discovery. Transfer of automated fragment discovery technology from Harwell to Shanghai (see letters of support) will enable China researchers trained in the UK as part of this program to extend activities available to them to China researchers, further accelerating discovery.","The Newton Fund builds research and innovation partnerships with developing countries across the world to promote the economic development and social welfare of the partner countries."], "participating_org_ref":["GB-GOV-13","GB-COH-RC000346","GB-COH-RC000346"], "participating_org_role":["1","2","3"], "participating_org_type":["10","15","15"], "participating_org_narrative":["DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL"], "activity_status_code":"4", "activity_date_iso_date":["2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","2019-05-31T00:00:00Z","2019-06-30T00:00:00Z"], "activity_date_type":["1","2","3","4"], "contact_info_organisation_narrative":["Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy"], "contact_info_department_narrative":["General enquiries"], "contact_info_email":["enquiries@odamanagement.org"], "contact_info_website":["https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation"], "contact_info_mailing_address_narrative":["Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET"], "activity_scope_code":"4", "recipient_country_code":["CN"], "recipient_country_percentage":[100.0], "sector_code":["12182"], "sector_vocabulary":["1"], "policy_marker_code":["1","5","6","7","8","11"], "policy_marker_significance":["0","0","0","0","0","0"], "policy_marker_vocabulary":["1","1","1","1","1","1"], "collaboration_type_code":"1", "default_flow_type_code":"10", "default_finance_type_code":"110", "default_aid_type_code":["D02"], "default_tied_status_code":"5", "budget_status":["1","1","1"], "budget_type":["1","1","1"], "budget_period_start_iso_date":["2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","2018-04-01T00:00:00Z"], "budget_period_end_iso_date":["2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z"], "budget_value":[194249.6,240649.34,227396.64], "budget_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP"], "capital_spend_percentage":0.0, "transaction_type":["3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","3","2"], "transaction_date_iso_date":["2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"], "transaction_value":[55220.75,55222.33,55222.33,58711.87,58240.11,58240.11,58257.4,58257.4,65894.43,65894.43,65894.43,62460.74,717517.99], "transaction_value_currency":["GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP","GBP"], "transaction_value_date":["2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","2019-03-31T00:00:00Z","2018-12-31T00:00:00Z","2018-09-30T00:00:00Z","2018-06-30T00:00:00Z","2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","2017-12-31T00:00:00Z","2017-09-30T00:00:00Z","2017-06-30T00:00:00Z","2017-03-31T00:00:00Z","2016-12-31T00:00:00Z","2016-09-30T00:00:00Z","2016-06-01T00:00:00Z"], "hierarchy":1, "transaction_value_usd":[72504.66567754837,72728.08761239004,70004.06797589536,76687.32642746392,77408.85950377963,81361.90577673881,78089.65963631975,77645.86987882314,84355.87806637122,81270.31296973953,82342.50106791906,82075.77725451466,1019773.4505525962] }] } }